Timeline of Key Events in the Fight Against Climate Change
BeforetheUNclimatesummitstartsinBaku, AzerbaijanonNovember 11, hereare10keydatesinthefightagainstclimatechange.
在 11 月 11 日聯合國氣候高峰會在阿塞拜疆巴庫開幕之前，以下是應對氣候變遷的 10 個關鍵日期。
TheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangewasestablishedbytheUnitedNationsin 1988toinvestigatesignsoftheEarth'ssurfacewarming.
聯合國於1988年成立政府間氣候變遷專門委員會，旨在調查地球表面暖化的跡象。
Twoyearslater, itreportedthatheat-trappinggasesfromhumanactivitiesareincreasingandcouldintensifyplanetarywarming.
兩年後，報告指出人類活動產生的吸熱氣體正在增加，可能加劇地球暖化。
Studiesshowthatactivitieslikeburningcoal, oil, andgas, aswellaslogginganddestructivefarming, areheatingtheEarth'ssurface.
研究表明，燃燒煤炭、石油和天然氣以及伐木和破壞性農業等活動正在使地球表面升溫。
The1992'EarthSummit'inRiodeJaneirocreatedtheUNFrameworkConventiononClimateChangetoreducegreenhousegasemissions.
1992 年在裡約熱內盧舉行的「地球高峰會」制定了《聯合國氣候變遷綱要公約》，以減少溫室氣體排放。
Since 1995, 'ConferencesoftheParties'havebeenheldtopursuethisgoal.
自1995年以來，為實現這一目標召開了「締約方會議」。
NationsinKyoto, Japanagreedin 1997onreducingemissionsby 5.2% from 1990levelsbutsomecountrieswerenotobligated.
日本京都各國於 1997 年同意將排放量比 1990 年的水準減少 5.2%，但有些國家沒有這樣做。
TheUS, amajorcarbonemitter, refusedtoratifytheprotocolin 2001whichtookeffectin 2005.
美國為主要碳排放國，2001年拒絕批准該議定書，該議定書於2005年生效。
TheIPCCreportedin 2007thatglobalwarmingevidenceisnow'unequivocal'andextremeweathereventsmayincrease.
IPCC 2007 年報告稱，全球暖化的證據現已“明確”，極端天氣事件可能會增加。
In 2015, nearlyeverynationpledgedtolimitwarmingbelow2 degreesCelsiusabovepre-industriallevels.
2015年，幾乎每個國家都承諾將氣溫升高限制在比工業化前水準高出2度以內。
GretaThunbergstartedprotestingclimatechangein 2018, inspiringstudentsworldwide.
Greta Thunberg 於 2018 年開始抗議氣候變化，激勵了世界各地的學生。
In 2023, sheendedherprotestsaftergraduationbutheractionscontinuedtomotivateothers.
2023年，她畢業後結束了抗議活動，但她的行為繼續激勵其他人。
AnagreementtoprotectbiodiversityandtransitionawayfromfossilfuelswasreachedatCop28inDubaiinDecember 2022.
2022 年 12 月在杜拜舉行的第 28 屆締約方大會上達成了一項保護生物多樣性和擺脫化石燃料的協議。
Thehighestglobaltemperatureseverrecordedwereseeninthe2024northernsummer, breakingthe 1.5 degrees Celsiuskeythresholdforclimatechangeeffects.
2024 年北方夏季出現了有史以來的全球最高氣溫，突破了氣候變遷影響 1.5 攝氏度的關鍵閾值。
Before the UN climate summit starts in Baku, Azerbaijan on November 11, here are 10 key dates in the fight against climate change.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change was established by the United Nations in 1988 to investigate signs of the Earth's surface warming.
Two years later, it reported that heat-trapping gases from human activities are increasing and could intensify planetary warming.
Studies show that activities like burning coal, oil, and gas, as well as logging and destructive farming, are heating the Earth's surface.
The 1992 'Earth Summit' in Rio de Janeiro created the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Since 1995, 'Conferences of the Parties' have been held to pursue this goal.
Nations in Kyoto, Japan agreed in 1997 on reducing emissions by 5.2% from 1990 levels but some countries were not obligated.
The US, a major carbon emitter, refused to ratify the protocol in 2001 which took effect in 2005.
The IPCC reported in 2007 that global warming evidence is now 'unequivocal' and extreme weather events may increase.
In 2015, nearly every nation pledged to limit warming below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.
Greta Thunberg started protesting climate change in 2018, inspiring students worldwide.
In 2023, she ended her protests after graduation but her actions continued to motivate others.
An agreement to protect biodiversity and transition away from fossil fuels was reached at Cop28 in Dubai in December 2022.
The highest global temperatures ever recorded were seen in the 2024 northern summer, breaking the 1.5 degrees Celsius key threshold for climate change effects.
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