Horned Dinosaurs in Europe

Scientistshavediscoveredthathorneddinosaurs-includingthefamoustriceratops-livedinEuropemillionsofyearsago.
科學家發現,包括著名的三角龍在內的有角恐龍,數百萬年前就住在歐洲。
Untilnow, itwasbelievedthatCeratopsians, thosehugeplant-eatingdinosaurs, onlyexistedinAsiaandNorthAmerica.
先前人們一直認為,角龍類這種巨大的植食性恐龍只生活在亞洲和北美洲。
Thediscoveryofnew, morecompleteskullfossilsoftheAjkaceratops, arelativeoftheTriceratops, promptedafreshinvestigation.
發現了新的、更完整的阿伊卡角龍(三角龍的近親)頭骨化石,促使人們展開新的研究。

Thebreakthroughresearchalsosaysthatsomedinosaurspecies, thoughttoberelativesofadifferentdinosaurfamily, Iguanadon, wereinfactearlyceratopsians.
這項突破性研究也表明,一些被認為是與禽龍屬於不同恐龍家族的恐龍物種,實際上是早期角龍類。
SusannahMaidment, professorattheNaturalHistoryMuseum, explainedthediscoveryhelpedscientistsunderstandhowanimalsandtheplanethaschangedovermillionsofyears.
自然歷史博物館教授蘇珊娜·梅德門特解釋說,這項發現幫助科學家們了解了數百萬年來動物和地球是如何變化的。
"Weusedoldfossilsandmoderntoolstotakeafreshlookatthetreasureskeptinnaturalhistorymuseums," shetold .
「我們利用古老的化石和現代工具,以全新的視角審視自然史博物館中保存的珍寶,」她說。

"Bydoingthis, wecanlearnmoreaboutwhattheseanimalswerelike, howtheychangedoveraverylongtime, andhowEarthitselfhaschangedtoo."
「透過這樣做,我們可以更多地了解這些動物的過去是什麼樣的,它們在漫長的時間裡發生了怎樣的變化,以及地球本身又發生了怎樣的變化。”
Ceratopsians-thefamilythattriceratopsbelongstolivedaround84 million yearsago, duringaperiodoftimescientistscalltheLateCretaceousperiod.
角龍類-三角龍所屬的這一類群生活在大約 8,400 萬年前,科學家稱之為晚白堊紀。
FossilsofCeratopsianshad, upuntilnow, beenalmostcompletelyabsentfromEurope, becauseonlyahandfulofincompletefossilshadbeenfound.
在此之前,歐洲幾乎完全沒有角龍類化石,因為只發現了一些不完整的化石。

Buttheskullfossil, whichwasfoundinHungary'sBakonyHillswasmuchmoreintact.
但在匈牙利巴科尼山發現的頭骨化石則保存得更完好。
Scientistswhospecialiseinfossils, knownaspaleontologists, nowthinkCeratopsianswere"muchmorecommon"thanpreviouslythought.
專門研究化石的科學家,也就是古生物學家,現在認為角龍比之前認為的「要常見得多」。
DrAttilaŐsi, aHungarianpaleontologistwholedtheresearchsaid:"Thisencouragesustore-examinethefossilscollectedyears, decades, orevencenturiesago."
領導這項研究的匈牙利古生物學家阿提拉·厄西博士說:“這鼓勵我們重新審視多年前、幾十年前甚至幾個世紀前收集的化石。”

ThefindingswerepublishedinthescientificjournalNature.
研究結果發表在科學期刊《自然》。
Thenametriceratops, whichcomesfromtheGreeklanguage, meansthree-hornedface.
三角龍(triceratops)這個名字來自希臘語,意思是「三隻角的臉」。
Despiteitsscaryappearance, thetriceratopswasactuallyaherbivore.
儘管三角龍外表可怕,但它實際上是草食性動物。
Triceratopshadhundredsofteeth, arrangedingroupscalledbatteries.
三角龍有數百顆牙齒,排列成組,稱為牙組。
Theyusedtheirgnasherstochopthroughtoughvegetation.
它們用鋒利的牙齒咬斷堅韌的植被。

Scientists have discovered that horned dinosaurs - including the famous triceratops - lived in Europe millions of years ago.
Until now, it was believed that Ceratopsians, those huge plant-eating dinosaurs, only existed in Asia and North America.
The discovery of new, more complete skull fossils of the Ajkaceratops, a relative of the Triceratops, prompted a fresh investigation.

The breakthrough research also says that some dinosaur species, thought to be relatives of a different dinosaur family, Iguanadon, were in fact early ceratopsians.
Susannah Maidment, professor at the Natural History Museum, explained the discovery helped scientists understand how animals and the planet has changed over millions of years.
"We used old fossils and modern tools to take a fresh look at the treasures kept in natural history museums," she told .

"By doing this, we can learn more about what these animals were like, how they changed over a very long time, and how Earth itself has changed too."
Ceratopsians - the family that triceratops belongs to lived around 84 million years ago, during a period of time scientists call the Late Cretaceous period.
Fossils of Ceratopsians had, up until now, been almost completely absent from Europe, because only a handful of incomplete fossils had been found.

But the skull fossil, which was found in Hungary's Bakony Hills was much more intact.
Scientists who specialise in fossils, known as paleontologists, now think Ceratopsians were "much more common" than previously thought.
Dr Attila Ősi, a Hungarian paleontologist who led the research said: "This encourages us to re-examine the fossils collected years, decades, or even centuries ago."

The findings were published in the scientific journal Nature.
The name triceratops, which comes from the Greek language, means three-horned face.
Despite its scary appearance, the triceratops was actually a herbivore.
Triceratops had hundreds of teeth, arranged in groups called batteries.
They used their gnashers to chop through tough vegetation.
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